TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Therapeutic Modalities for Improving Range of Motion A1 - Jones, Edward A1 - Starsky, Andrew A2 - Bellew, James W. A2 - Nolan, Thomas P. Y1 - 2022 N1 - T2 - Michlovitz’s Modalities for Therapeutic Intervention, 7e AB - Range of motion (ROM) loss is a common impairment that can affect function and participation. Loss of, or impaired ROM, can occur from a number of causes including pain, immobilization, edema, spasticity, and decreased muscle strength. As a result, the interventions used to address this impairment vary according to the source or cause. It is, therefore, important to determine the cause of the impairment when selecting the appropriate therapeutic interventions. For example, if ROM is thought to be limited by pain, therapeutic modalities and interventions aimed at controlling pain such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) would be helpful. Likewise, if the cause of the ROM impairment is edema, therapeutic modalities aimed at reducing that edema such as cryotherapy may be helpful in restoring ROM. The mechanisms, parameters, and application of these therapeutic modalities have been presented in detail in other chapters of this text. The purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate how these physical agents can be used as a complement to improve ROM impairment as part of the treatment plan. SN - PB - F. A. Davis Company CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - fadavispt.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1187662398 ER -