TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Design Validity A1 - Portney, Leslie G. Y1 - 2020 N1 - T2 - Foundations of Clinical Research: Applications to Evidence-Based Practice, 4e AB - Research designs are intended to provide structure that allows for logical conclusions about the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The investigator must have confidence that extraneous factors have not influenced the outcome. Even with a design that fulfills the requirements of an experiment, such as a randomized controlled trial (RCT), researchers must be vigilant regarding many potential sources of confounding that can obscure the effects of an intervention. Confounders may be extrinsic factors that emerge from the environment and the research situation, or they may be intrinsic factors that represent personal characteristics of the subjects of the study. SN - PB - F. A. Davis Company CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/04/18 UR - fadavispt.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1186212401 ER -