TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Labs A1 - Hillegass, Ellen PY - 2014 T2 - PT Clinical Notes: A Rehabilitation Pocket Guide AB - Table Graphic Jump Location|Download (.pdf)|PrintGeneral ChemistryLab/NL ValuesDeviations & CausesAlanine aminotransferase (ALT) or SGPT 0–35 u/L↑ in hepatitis, liver disease, bile duct damage, CHF, DM, mono, myopathyAlbumin/3.5–5.5 g/100 mL↓ in chronic liver disease; protein malnutrition, renal disease, malabsorption syndrome, chronic infection, acute stressAldolase/1.3–8.2 U/L↑ in muscle or liver damage or diseaseAlkaline phosphatase (ALP)/33–131 U/LInfants-adolescents 61 51–153↑ in liver & bone diseases (obstructive & hepatocellular liver disease), obstructive jaundice, biliary cirrhosis, etc, ↑ in osteomalacia, metastatic bone disease & slight ↑ in healing fracturesAlpha-1 antitrypsin 1.5–3.5 g/L↓ Indicates ↑ risk of panacinar emphysema at age 700 decompensated heart failureBUN/8–22 mg/100 mL↑ w/high protein intake, dehydration, burns, GI hemorrhage, renal disease, prostate hypertrophy↓ w/low protein ingestion, starvation, liver dysfunction, cirrhosisCalcitonin: ♀ 0–5 pg/mL♂ 0–12 pg/mL↑ in C-cell hyperplasia & MTC; used to screen for medullary thyroid cancer. Used to treat osteoporosis or hypercalcemiaCalcium/8.5–10.5 mg/100 mL↑ w/↑ vitamin D intake, osteoporosis, ↓ Na, ↓ urinary excretion, immobilization, ↑ Ca reabsorption, hypothyroidism↓ w/↓ vitamin D intake, pregnancy, excessive diuretic, starvation↓ Mg++, acute pancreatitis, hypoalbuminemiaCarbon dioxide content/bicarbonate or CO2/24–30 mEq/LAltered w/electrolyte imbalance; chronic disease, esp. kidney disease; & to evaluate acid-base balance; ↑ indicates alkalotic compensation or disease, ↓ in acidic compensation or metabolic acidosisChloride 95–105 mEq/L↓ w/K+-sparing diuretics, vomiting, excess ingestion of K+↑ (rarely) w/diarrhea, NH4Cl ingestionCholesterol/<200 mg/dL↑ Indicates ↑ risk for heart diseaseCortisol/5–25 μg/100 mL (AM)<10 μg/100 mL (PM)↓ in Addison disease & anterior pituitary hypofunction; ↑ Cushing syndrome & stressCreatine: ♂ 0.2–0.5 mg/dL; ♀ 0.3–0.9 mg/dL↑ in kidney disease/monitoring of progression of kidney functionCreatinine kinase <100 U/L CK MB <5%↑ in heart or skeletal muscle, progressive muscular dystrophy, cerebral infarcts Isoenzymes distinguish origin of CPK ↑ (MM ↑: skeletal muscle injury; MB ↑: cardiac muscle; BB ↑: brain injury)Creatinine/0.6–1.3 mg/100 mL↑ in renal disease/renal failure, chronic glomerulonephritis, hyperthyroidism; glomerular filtration rate (GFR) related to creatinineC-reactive protein (CRP) <10 mg/L NL10–40 mg/L mild inflamm or viral infection40–200 mg/L bacterial infectionFerritin: ♂ 10–400 ng/dL ♀ 10–200 ng/dL↓ in chronic iron deficiency or if proteins are severely depleted, e.g., malnutrition↑ in chronic iron excess (hemochromatosis)Folate/2.0–9.0 ng/mL↓ in vegan vegetarians ... SN - PB - F. A. Davis Company CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - fadavispt.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1162477807 ER -