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infantilism

(in′făn-tīl″izm) [infantile + -ism] 1. A condition in which the mind and body make slow development and the individual fails to attain adult characteristics. It is characterized by mental retardation, stunted growth, and sexual immaturity. 2. Childishness.

infant respiratory distress syndrome

Respiratory distress syndrome of the preterm infant.

infarct

(in′farkt″, in-farkt′) [L. infarctus, stuffed] An area of tissue in an organ or part that undergoes necrosis following cessation of the blood supply. This may result from occlusion or stenosis of the supplying artery or, more rarely, from occlusion of the vein that drains the tissue.

anemic i. An infarct in which blood pigment is lacking or decoloration has occurred. SYN: pale i.; white i.

bland i. An infarct produced by ischemia.

cerebral i. A stroke resulting from blockage of the carotid or intracerebral arteries by clot or atherosclerosis.

cicatrized i. An infarct that has been replaced or encapsulated by fibrous tissue.

hemorrhagic i. Red i.

infected i. Infarcted tissue that has been invaded by pathogenic organisms. SYN: septic infarct.

lateral medullary i. Wallenberg syndrome.

pale i. Anemic i.

red i. An infarct that is swollen and red as a result of hemorrhage. SYN: hemorrhagic infarct.

septic i. Infected i.

uric acid i. An infarct in the kidney caused by obstruction of the renal tubules by uric acid crystals.

white i. Anemic i.

infarction

(in-fark′shŏn) [infarct] Death of tissue caused by deprivation of its blood supply.

aborted myocardial i. Reperfusion of an occluded coronary artery before damage is done to the muscle that receives blood from that artery.

acute myocardial i. ABBR: AMI. A myocardial infarction occurring when circulation to a region of the heart is obstructed and necrosis is occurring.

atherothrombotic brain i. Thrombotic stroke.

cerebral i. SEE: cerebral infarct.

lacunar i. A small stroke deep within the brain (as in the internal capsule, basal ganglia, thalamus, or pons) caused by damage to or a blockage of a tiny penetrating artery. Lacunar infarctions are associated with a kind of vascular damage caused by lipohyalinosis (chronic high blood pressure). They may be asymptomatic, showing up only on brain imaging, or may produce pure motor, pure sensory, ataxic, or mixed motor and sensory symptoms. SYN: lacunar stroke.

malignant cerebral artery i. A massive stroke involving the middle cerebral artery, in which swelling of the brain leads either to herniation and death or ...

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