| Splenius capitis | Nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7–T6 vertebrae | Fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line of occipital bone |
| Splenius cervicis | Nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7–T6 vertebrae | Transverse processes of C1–C3 vertebrae |
| Iliocostalis (erector spinae) | Arises by a broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacroiliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes, and supraspinous ligament | Lumborum, thoracis, cervicis; fibers run superiorly to angles of lower ribs and cervical transverse processes |
| Longissimus (erector spinae) | Thoracis, cervicis, capitis; fibers run superiorly to ribs between tubercles and angles, to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions, and to mastoid processes of temporal bone |
| Spinalis (erector spinae) | | Thoracis, cervicis, capitis; fibers run superiorly to spinous processes in the upper thoracic region and to cranium |
| Semispinalis (transversospinalis) | Transverse processes of C4–T12 vertebrae | Thoracis, cervicis, capitis; fibers run superomedially to occipital bone and spinous processes in thoracic and cervical regions, spanning 4–6 segments |
| Multifidus (transversospinalis) | Arises from posterior sacrum, PSIS of ilium, aponeurosis of erector spinae, sacroiliac ligaments, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of T1–T3, articular processes of C4–C7 | Thickest in lumbar region; fibers pass obliquely superomedially to entire length of spinous processes, spanning 2–4 segments |
| Rotatores: brevis and longus (transversospinalis) | Arise from transverse processes of vertebrae; best developed in thoracic region | Fibers pass superomedially to attach to spinous process of vertebra immediately (brevis) or 2 segments (longus) superior |
| Interspinalis | Superior surfaces of spinous processes of cervical and lumbar vertebrae | Inferior surface of spinous process of vertebra of proximal attachment |
| Intertransversarii | Transverse processes of cervical and lumbar vertebrae | Transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae |
| Quadratus lumborum | Medial half of inferior border of 12th ribs and lumbar transverse processes | Iliolumbar ligament and lip of iliac crest |
| Trapezius | Medial third of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7–T12 vertebrae | Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula |
| Levator scapula | Transverse processes of C1–C4 vertebrae | Superior aspect of medial border of the scapula |
| Anterior scalene | Transverse processes of ... |