Neuromorphic - Neuropsychopharmacology

neuromorphic

(noor″ō-mor′fik) 1. Pert. to or having a structure that resembles that of neurons, their components, or of neural networks. In a computer, for instance, the structure made of silicon resembles the organic structure of a component of the nervous system. 2. Shaped like the brain.

neuromotor

(noor″ŏ-mōt′ŏr, nur″) [neuro- + motor] 1. Pert. to nerves and muscles. 2. Pert. to nerve impulses to muscles.

neuromuscular

(nū″rō-mŭs′kū-lăr) [″ + L. musculus, a muscle] Pert. to both nerves and muscles.

neuromyelitis

(noor″ō-mī-ĕ-līt′ĭs) [neuro- + myelitis] Inflammation of nerves and the spinal cord.

 n. optica ABBR: NMO. A rare inflammatory central nervous system syndrome associated with serum aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G antibodies. It shares some clinical features with multiple sclerosis (such as predilection for young women, demyelination of nerve cells) but is a distinct disease. Optic neuritis and transverse myelitis are often present.

neuromyopathy

(nū″rō-mī-ŏp′ă-thē) [″ + mys, muscle, + pathos, disease, suffering] A pathological condition involving both muscles and nerves.

neuromyositis

(nū″rō-mī″ō-sī′tĭs) [″ + ″ + itis, inflammation] Neuritis complicated by inflammation of muscles that come in contact with the affected nerves.

neuromyotonia

(nū″rō-mī″ō-tō′nē-ă) [ + Gr. mys, muscle + tonikos, tone] SYN: Isaac syndrome.

neuron

(noor′on″) [Gr. neuron, nerve, sinew] The structural and functional unit of the nervous system; a nerve cell. A neuron consists of a perikaryon (cell body) and its processes, an axon and one or more dendrites. Neurons function in the initiation and conduction of impulses. They transmit impulses to other neurons or cells by releasing neurotransmitters at synapses. In addition, a neuron may release neurohormones into the bloodstream. SYN: nerve cell. SEE: illus. neuronal (noor″ŏn-ăl), adj.

NEURON STRUCTURE

 afferent n. A neuron that conducts sensory impulses toward the brain or spinal cord. SYN: sensory neuron.

 alpha motor n. Lower motor n.

 bipolar n. A neuron that bears two processes.

 central n. A neuron confined entirely to the central nervous system.

 efferent n. A neuron whose axon carries impulses away from the brain or spinal cord.

 ganglion n. A neuron of the retina that receives impulses from bipolar neurons. Axons of ganglion neurons converge at the optic disk to form the optic nerve. SEE: retina for illus.

 lower motor n. A motor neuron that originates in the ventral (anterior) horns of the gray matter of the spinal cord or the somatic motor nuclei ...