Maqui Berry - Marsupium

Maqui berry

(mok′ē) [Sp. maqui, from Araucanian (Indians of Chile and Argentina)] A South American evergreen shrub (Aristotelia chilensis) that produces black or purple berries. The berries contain natural antioxidants and chemicals that induce quinone reductase.

MAR

medication administration record.

marantic

(mă-ran′tik) [Gr. marantikos] Pert. to marasmus; marasmic.

marasmus

(mă-raz′mŭs) [Gr. marasmos, a wasting away] A generalized wasting and absence of subcutaneous fat caused by malnutrition; emaciation. It results from caloric deficiency secondary to acute diseases, esp. diarrheal diseases of infancy, deficiency in nutritional composition, inadequate food intake, malabsorption, child abuse, failure-to-thrive syndrome, deficiency of vitamin D, or scurvy. SYN: athrepsia; pedatrophy; wasting. SEE: kwashiorkor; protein-energy malnutrition. marasmic (mă-raz′mik), adj.

SYMPTOMS: Signs include loss of muscle mass and other soft tissues and a wizened, sunken face, resembling that of an older person, from loss of temporal and buccal fat pads. Failure to gain weight is followed by a loss of weight. Brain and skeletal growth continues, resulting in a long body and a head too large in proportion to weight. Subcutaneous fat is minimal, the eyes are sunken, and tissue turgor is lost. The skin appears loose and sags. The infant is not active, muscles are flabby and relaxed, and the cry is weak and shrill. The absence of pitting edema of the hands and feet and of a protuberant abdomen differentiate this condition from kwashiorkor, but in marasmic kwashiorkor, features of both conditions are combined.

TREATMENT: Initial feedings should be small and low in calories because digestive capacity is poor and a "refeeding" syndrome can occur, marked by hypophosphatemia, congestive heart failure, respiratory distress, convulsions, coma, and death. Diluted formula or breast milk is best. The amount of calories and protein, carbohydrates, and fat should be increased gradually. The goal for protein intake is 5 g/kg of body weight per day. If diarrhea due to disaccharidase deficiency is present, a low-lactose diet is beneficial. Parenteral fluid therapy is indicated if shock or fluid and electrolyte imbalance exists.

PROGNOSIS: Death occurs in 40% of affected children.

marble bone disease

Osteopetrosis.

Marburg virus disease

(mar′būrg) [Marburg, Germany where laboratory workers caught the disease from infected African green monkeys in 1967] A frequently fatal disease caused by a virus classed as a member of the family Filoviridae. Clinically this disease is identical to that caused by the Ebola virus. SEE: Ebola virus hemorrhagic fever.

marc

(mărk) [Fr.] The residue remaining after a drug has been percolated. SEE: percolation.

Marcus Gunn dots, pupil, syndrome

SEE: under Gunn, Robert Marcus.