Sections View Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Annotate Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Supplementary Content ++Table Graphic Jump LocationTABLE A.1Shoulder, Elbow, Forearm, and Wrist Motion: Mean Values in DegreesView Table||Download (.pdf) TABLE A.1 Shoulder, Elbow, Forearm, and Wrist Motion: Mean Values in Degrees Author Wanatabe et al*1 Boone and Azen2 Green and Wolf3 Walker et al4 Macedo and Magee5 AAOS6 AMA7 0–2 yr n = 45 1–54 yr n = 109 M 18–55 yr n = 20 (10 M, 10 F) 65–85 yr n = 60 (30 M, 30 F) 18–59 yr n = 90 F Motion Shoulder Complex Flexion 172–180 167 156 165 188 180 ≥180 Extension 78–89 62 — 44 70 60 ≥50 Abduction 177–187 184 168 165 188 180 ≥170 Medial rotation 72–90 69 49 62 94 70 ≥80 Lateral rotation 118–134 104 84 81 108 90 ≥60 Elbow and Forearm Flexion 148–158 143 145 143 149 150 ≥140 Extension — 1 0 4† 2 0 ≥0 Pronation 90–96 76 84 71 92 80 ≥80 Supination 81–93 82 77 74 96 80 ≥80 Wrist Flexion 88–96 76 73 64 93 80 ≥60 Extension 82–89 75 65 63 86 70 ≥60 Radial deviation — 22 25 19 18 20 ≥20 Ulnar deviation — 36 39 26 41 30 ≥30 AAOS = American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; AMA = American Medical Association; M = Males; F = Females. All values obtained with a universal goniometer. *Values in this column represent a range of means. †Value refers to extension limitation. ++Table Graphic Jump LocationTABLE A.2TABLE A.2 Glenohumeral Motion: Mean Values in DegreesView Table||Download (.pdf) TABLE A.2 TABLE A.2 Glenohumeral Motion: Mean Values in Degrees Author Ellenbecker et al8 Ellenbecker et al8 Boon and Smith9 Macedo and Magee5 Lannan et al10 11–17 yr n = 113 M 11–17 yr n = 90 F 12–18 yr n = 50 (18 M, 32 F) 18–59 yr n = 90 F 21–40 yr n = 60 (20 M, 40 F) Motion Glenohumeral Flexion — — — 41 106 Extension — — — 27 20 Abduction — — — 85 129 Medial rotation 51 56 63 64 49 Lateral rotation 103 105 108 94 94 M = Males; F = Females. Values obtained with a universal goniometer. ++Table Graphic Jump LocationTABLE A.3Finger Motions: Mean Values in DegreesView Table||Download (.pdf) TABLE A.3 Finger Motions: Mean Values in Degrees Author Skarilova and Plevkova*11 Mallon et al‡12 Smahel and Klimova*13,14 Hume et al†15 AAOS6 AMA7 20–25 yr n = 200 (100 M, 100 F) 18–35 yr n = 120 (60 M, 60 F) 18–28 yr n = 101 (52 M, 49 F) 26–28 yr n = 35 M Motion Finger MCP Flexion 91 95 92 100 90 ≥90 Extension 26 20 25 — 45 ≥20 Finger PIP Flexion... Your Access profile is currently affiliated with [InstitutionA] and is in the process of switching affiliations to [InstitutionB]. Please select how you would like to proceed. Keep the current affiliation with [InstitutionA] and continue with the Access profile sign in process Switch affiliation to [InstitutionB] and continue with the Access profile sign in process Get Free Access Through Your Institution Learn how to see if your library subscribes to McGraw Hill Medical products. Subscribe: Institutional or Individual Sign In Error: Incorrect UserName or Password Username Error: Please enter User Name Password Error: Please enter Password Sign in Forgot Password? Forgot Username? Sign in via OpenAthens Sign in via Shibboleth You already have access! Please proceed to your institution's subscription. Create a free profile for additional features.