Difluprednate (Ophthalmic)

INTRODUCTION

Indications

Treatment of inflammation and pain associated with ocular surgery.

Action

Decreases inflammation. Therapeutic Effects: Decreased pain and inflammation following ocular surgery.

Adverse Reactions/Side Effects

(CAPITALS indicate life-threatening; underlines indicate most frequent.) EENT: ↑ intraocular pressure, blepharitis, cataracts, conjunctival hyperemia, corneal edema, delayed healing, eye pain, infections, iritis, photophobia.

PHYSICAL THERAPY IMPLICATIONS

Examination and Evaluation

• Assess the eye to help document whether drug therapy is successful in resolving ocular pain and inflammation.

• Monitor any new or increased reactions at the site of application such as pain, infection, swelling, redness, cloudy/blurry vision, and increased sensitivity to light (photophobia). Report increased ocular reactions to the physician.

Patient/Client-related Instruction

• Check that the patient and family or caregivers understand proper use of eye drops, and adhere to the recommended dosing schedule.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Limited systemic absorption.

Distribution: Unknown.

Metabolism and Excretion: Unknown.

Half-life: Unknown.

Contraindications/Precautions

Contraindicated in: Active viral, mycobacterial or fungal infection of eyes and surrounding structures.

Use Cautiously in: OB: Use in pregnancy only if potential benefit justifies potential risk to the fetus; Lactation: Use cautiously during lactation; Pedi: Safety and effectiveness in children have not been established.

Interactions

Drug-Drug: None noted.

Route/Dosage

Ophth (Adults): 1 drop four times daily, starting 24 hr after surgery for 2 wk, then twice daily for 1 week, then further tapered based on response.

Availability

Ophthalmic emulsion: 0.05% in 5 mL bottle.