RT Book, Section
A1 Kisner, Carolyn
A1 Colby, Lynn Allen
SR Print(0)
ID 1134932175
T1 The Elbow and Forearm Complex
T2 Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, 6e
YR 2012
FD 2012
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780803625747
LK fadavispt.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1134932175
RD 2024/04/24
AB A  freely  mobile  but  strong  and  stable  elbow  complex  is  required  for  normal  upper  extremity  function.  The  design  of  the  elbow  and  forearm  adds  to  the  mobility  of  the  hand  in  space  by  shortening  and  lengthening  the  upper  extremity  and  by  rotating  the  forearm.  The  muscles  provide  control  and  stability  to  the  region  as  the  hand  is  used  for  various  activities,  from  eating,  dressing,  and  grooming  to  pushing,  pulling,  turning,  lifting,  throwing,  catching,  and  reaching  for  objects  to  coordinated  use  of  equipment,  tools,  and  machines.39,50,65,68  Most  activities  of  daily  living  require  a  100°  arc  of  flexion  and  extension  at  the  elbow,  specifically  between  30°  and  130°  as  well  as  100°  of  forearm  rotation,  equally  divided  between  pronation  and  supination.65  Tasks,  such  as  drinking  and  eating,  primarily  require  elbow  flexion,  whereas  a  task,  such  as  reaching  to  tie  shoelaces,  requires  substantial  elbow  extension.